UHF Transmitter
The Millstone UHF Transmitter (U1) was developed in 1957 for a MIT Lincoln Laboratory to develop a radar capable of detecting Soviet satellites and ICBMs. The driver amplifier for this transmitter was used to detect Sputnik in October of 1957.
The Millstone UHF transmitter design was used in the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS) radars that were deployed at in the UK at RAF Fylingdales, Clear Alaska, and Thule AFB Greenland. A similar system was also constructed in Pirinclik Turkey.
The U1 transmitter was used for satellite tracking work and later converted to use as an incoherent scatter radar for measuring the Earth's near space environment. In 198x a second transmitter U2 was relocated from Turkey when the Pirinclik system was decomissioned.
The UHF transmitters at Millstone Hill (U1 and U2) use Litton 3402 and 5773 Klystrons and produce 2.5 Million Watts of peak output power when used individually. The transmitters use high voltages, magnets, capacitors, and modulator electronics to produce and shape the powerful radar pulses.
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